Brakes; add a bit of oil. Check for any fray or heavy rust on cables. If it seems unsafe don't ride and get it checked out first. Check that the wheel can turn without the brake pad stopping it. Adjust as necessary. Make sure, usually with an Allen wrench, that all the screws are tightened. Keep the part of the wheel the brake makes contact with clean of dirt and oil.
Tires; make sure there are no visible holes or tears in your tire. If there are you are likely to keep getting flat inner tubes or won't hold air if tubeless. New tires are reasonably priced, patching is difficult and makes your tire off balance a bit. Also check the bolts and make sure the wheels are firmly secured to the frame. Check the wheels for roundness and that the bearing are intact. Clean and oil.
Tires/wheel size and pressure; both tires and rims should have sizes on them, ex: 26in. x 1.5 other common sizes are 700cc x 2. First number is the diameter width of the rim. Second is the diameter of the tube. Check the compatibility. Some are tubeless. On the tire for tubes it will have a min and max p.s.i. Higher psi will be less rolling resistance, so brake sooner, more likely to get flats. Lower psi will be a smoother ride. Be careful not to be too low where hitting bumps could damage the rim, tube and tire.. The min and max are good for proper wear on the tire.
Gears; now clean the gears and derailleur. Wipe the chain with a towel then add bike grease or motor oil. Get a bit of oil in the axles and clean off more. The chain should be on snug, enough to move easily and not fall off. The rear derailleur usually takes care of this. Some bikes don't have them. Adding or removing links to a chain is easy with a tool designed for it. Then turning the bike upside-down can be helpful to check the gears. Make sure all gears can be shifted through without shifting the gear off track.
Enjoy
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